Malcolm X

Malcolm X was an African American civil rights leader, minister, and human rights activist who dedicated his life to fighting for racial justice and equality. He is best known for his passionate and outspoken advocacy of Black liberation and self-determination. Born Malcolm Little on May 19, 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska, he was a fierce critic of the U.S. civil rights movement, and the nonviolent, integrationist approach of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Malcolm X embraced a more militant, revolutionary stance, calling for a complete overturn of the existing racial order.

Malcolm X rose to prominence during the 1950s and 1960s as a leader of the Nation of Islam, a religious movement rooted in Black nationalism. He was an uncompromising advocate for racial uplift and self-determination, and he was especially effective in reaching young African Americans with his message of empowerment. Malcolm X's activism and public profile made him a target of various forms of surveillance, harassment, and intimidation from both the U.S. government and members of the Nation of Islam.

In 1964, Malcolm X left the Nation of Islam and traveled to Mecca on a pilgrimage that transformed his views on race and religion. He abandoned his separatist stance and embraced a more internationalist outlook, advocating.

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